Pirate Galaxy » Zealand.Promises to clean up Rios waterwa

Former England rugby international Maggie Alphonsi is in the studio on Tuesday to review the action from the Atlanta Sevens and reflect on the Grand Womens Summit. The former Saracens flanker will also look ahead to the fourth leg of the series in Canada and give her verdict on Englands Six Nations campaign.Alphonsi was also part of a panel that included Judy Murray at the Grand Womens Summit and we will see what was discussed at Aintree over the weekend. Europes Solheim Cup captain for 2017, Annika Sorenstam talks about the rise of Charley Hull and Brazilian golfer Victoria Lovelady gives us a tour of the Olympic course in Rio.Well have a round-up of Euro 2017 qualifying after a 1-1 draw for England, plus we get the views of Englands cricketers on the new Super League tournament after the players were allocated their new teams.Lacrosse is the fastest-growing female participation sport at universities, so weve been to meet the England and Wales teams ahead of this months Home Internationals to find out why the sport is growing in popularity.Theres also Netball Superleague action from Mondays live match between Loughborough Lightning and Team Northumbria as the play-off picture, plus all the latest news. Sportswomen is live on Sky Sports News HQ every Tuesday at 11.30am and on Sky Living every Sunday at 11.30am. Also See: Scott salvages point for England Kerry gets GB hockey role Edwards to play for Vipers Emily Scarratts blog T. J. 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RIO DE JANEIRO -- Just days ahead of the Olympic Games the waterways of Rio de Janeiro are as filthy as ever, contaminated with raw human sewage teeming with dangerous viruses and bacteria, according to a 16-month-long study commissioned by The Associated Press.Not only are some 1,400 athletes at risk of getting violently ill in water competitions, but the APs tests indicate that tourists also face potentially serious health risks on the golden beaches of Ipanema and Copacabana.The APs survey of the aquatic Olympic and Paralympic venues has revealed consistent and dangerously high levels of viruses from the pollution, a major black eye on Rios Olympic project that set off alarm bells among sailors, rowers and open-water swimmers.Since the AP released the initial results last July, athletes have been taking elaborate precautions to prevent illnesses that could potentially knock them out of the competition, including preventatively taking antibiotics, bleaching oars and donning plastic suits and gloves in a bid to limit contact with the water.But antibiotics combat bacterial infections, not viruses. And the AP investigation found that infectious adenovirus readings -- tested with cell cultures and verified with molecular biology protocols -- turned up at nearly 90 percent of the test sites over 16 months of testing.Thats a very, very, very high percentage, said Dr. Valerie Harwood, Chair of the Department of Integrative Biology at the University of South Florida. Seeing that level of human pathogenic virus is pretty much unheard of in surface waters in the U.S. You would never, ever see these levels because we treat our waste water. You just would not see this.While athletes take precautions, what about the 300,000-500,000 foreigners expected to descend on Rio for the Olympics? Testing at several of the citys world-famous beaches has shown that in addition to persistently high viral loads, the beaches often have levels of bacterial markers for sewage pollution that would be cause for concern abroad -- and sometimes even exceed Rio states lax water safety standards.In light of the APs findings, Harwood had one piece of advice for travelers to Rio: Dont put your head under water.Danger is lurking even in the sand. Samples from the golden beaches at Copacabana and Ipanema revealed high levels of viruses, which recent studies have suggested can pose health risks -- particularly to babies and small children.You know how quickly an infant can get dehydrated and have to go to the hospital, said Harwood. Thats the scariest point to me.While local authorities including Rio Mayor Eduardo Paes have acknowledged the failure of the citys water cleanup efforts, calling it a lost chance and a shame, Olympic officials continue to insist Rios waterways will be safe for athletes and visitors.We would never, ever risk the health or the condition of any athlete for a competition, said Mario Andrada, chief spokesman for the local organizing committee. So the health of the athletes is our first priority. And the athletes dont run a risk sailing in Guanabara Bay.The committee has previously said bacterial testing conducted by Rio state authorities has shown the aquatic venues to be within state guidelines.The crux of the issue lies in the differentt types of testing used to determine the health and safety of recreational waters.ddddddddddddBacterial tests measure levels of coliforms -- different types of bacteria that tend not to cause illnesses themselves but are indicators of the presence of other, potentially harmful sewage-borne pathogens such as other bacteria, viruses and protozoa that can cause cholera, dysentery, hepatitis A and typhoid, among other diseases. Bacterial tests are the worldwide standard because theyre cheap and easy.But theres a growing consensus that theyre not ideal for all climates, as bacteria break down quickly in tropical weather and salty marine waters. In contrast, viruses have been shown to survive for weeks, months or even years -- meaning that in tropical Rio low bacterial markers can be completely out of step with high virus levels.That disparity was borne out in the APs testing. For instance, in June 2016, the levels of fecal coliforms in water samples at Ipanema Beach were extremely low, with just 85 fecal coliforms per 100 milliliters. But still, it had high readings for rotavirus, the main cause of gastroenteritis globally, with 32.7 million rotaviruses per liter.The testing revealed alarming spikes in fecal coliform levels -- the very measure the state government uses to determine the safety of Rios recreational waters.If these were the reported values in the United States, lets say in California, there is definitely an indication of a problem, said Dr. Kristina Mena, a waterborne virus expert at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.According to Californias bacterial tests standards, 400 fecal coliforms per 100 milliliters is the upper limit for a beach to be considered safe for swimming. APs tests revealed that Copacabana Beach, where the marathon and triathlon swimming are to be held and thousands of tourists are likely to take a dip, exceeded Californias limit five times over 13 months of testing.The beaches even violate Rio states own standards, which are much less stringent than those in California, many other U.S. states and beach-loving countries such as Australia and New Zealand.Promises to clean up Rios waterways stretch back decades, with a succession of governors setting firm dates for a cleanup and repeatedly pushing them back. In the citys 2009 Olympic bid document, authorities pledged the games would regenerate Rios magnificent waterways.Just over a month before the games, biologist Mario Moscatelli spent more than two hours flying over Rio in a helicopter.Viewed from above, rivers are tar-black; the lagoons near the Olympic Park bloom with fluorescent green algae; surfers paddle amid a giant brown stain that contrasts with the azure of the surrounding waters.The Guanabara Bay has been transformed into a latrine, said Moscatelli, an activist whos the most visible face of the fight to clean up Rios waterways. Unfortunately Rio de Janeiro missed the opportunity, maybe the last big opportunity to clean it up.---Associated Press writers Peter Prengaman, Stephen Wade and Diarlei Rodrigues contributed to this report.---Peter Prengaman on Twitter: twitter.com/peterprengaman ' ' '